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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet'J l. G. R. PEARE.

MACHINE FOB. STAYING LAYERS OI FLEXIBLE MATERIAL.

No. 333,248.l .Patented Dec. 29, 1885.

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Lau a, 71/60 1",

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. R. PEARE.

MAGEINE EOE STAYING LAYEES 0E FLEXIBLE MATERIAL.

No. 333,248. Patented Dec'. 29, 1885.

N. PETERS, Phol-Lhngrpher, Washinghm. D. C.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheetv 3.

G. R. PEARB.

MACHINE FOR STAYING LAYERS 0F FLEXIBLE MATERIAL. No. 333,243. PatentedDeo. 29,1335.

(No Model.) v 6 Sheets-Sheet 4. G. R. PEARE.

MACHINE EUR lS'IAYING LAYERS 0I' .FLEXIBLE MATERIAL. No. 333,248.

Patented Dec. Z9, 1885.

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fnl/0771707 (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

` G. R. PEAR-B.

MACHINE POR STAYING LAYBRS 0F FLEXIBLE MATERIAL.

No. 333,248. A Patented Dec. 29, 1885.

N. PETERS. Pnom-ulhugnphar. wnhingtnn. D, C.

(No Model.) I 6 sheets-sheet 6.

G.R. PEARE.

MACHINE EOE STAYING LAYEES 0E FLEXIBLE MATERIAL.

No. 333,248. Patentedv Dec. 29, 1885.

UNITEDr STATES GEORGE R. PEARE, OF LYNN, MASS.,

y PATENTA OFFICE..

ASSIGN OR TO THE GUTTA PEROHA AND RUBBER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEWYORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR STAYING LAYERS OF FLEXIBLE MATERIAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 333,248, dated December29, 1885.

Application tiled May 18, 1885. Serial No. 165,919. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE R. PEARE, of Lynn, in the county of Essex andState of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Machines for Staying Layers of Flexible Material, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide a machine for formingflexible stays or lengths of cord or thread in superposed layers ofunvulcanized rubber cloth intended for belting,

the ends of said stays being laid vupon the surfaces. of the beltingbefore vulcanization and secured to said surfaces by the vulcanizingprocess as described in Letters Patent to John Murphy, dated September4, 1883, No. 284,221. i

The invention consists, as a whole, in an organized machine comprising aseries of needles adapted to perforate the work, (or layers ofunvulcanized rubber cloth,) devices for presenting the cords or threadsto the barbs of the needles below the work, a series of retainers belowthe work, which hold the threads away from the lower surface of the workbetween the loops last drawn up by the needles and the preceding loops,a series of take-off hooks above the work, which enter the loops drawnthrough the work by the needles and remove said loops from the needlesand hold them after their removal, two series of cutters-one above andbelow the work-which sever the threads held by the retainers and thetake-off hooks, thus converting the threads into independent stays withprojecting ends, and feed mechanism whereby the vwork is moved forwardwhile the needles are raised.

The invention also consists in detail in the improvements hereinafterspecified relating to the feed mechanism, the cutters, and theloop-forming mechanism, all of which I will now proceed to describe andclaim.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specication, Figure1 represents a front elevation of my improved machine, the feed-rollsand a portion of the feedshaft being shown in dotted lines. Fig. 2represents a rear view of the same. Fig. 2a represents a view of a partof the mechanism shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 represents a top view. Fig. 4represents a plan view of the foot with the take-oh hooks and theirslide in place. Fig. 5 represents a plan view of the horn orworksupport, showing the lower retaining-hooks. Fig. 6 represents atransverse section of the horn or work-support, showing the position ofthe needle at its lowest point of descent. Fig. 7 representsaperspective view of one of the lower retaining-hooks. Fig. 8 representsa perspective view of the takeoff hook with a portion of the work,showing the position of the cord when it is ready to be cut. Fig. 9represents a section on line x x, Fig. 1, through one of the uppercutters and the devices that support, rotate, and oscillate it. Figs. 10to 17, inclusive, are elevations taken from the sides of the retainingand take-off hooks, showing their positions and those of the needle atdifferent stages of the operation. Figs. 10n to 171, inclusive, arecorresponding elevations taken from the ends of said hooks. Fig. 18represents a view of a piece of the work after the stays have beeninserted and their ends ilattened.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the gures.

In the drawings, I I I represent the needlebars, three in number in thiscase, although the number may be varied as desired. Said bars aresecured to a cross-head, J, which receives a vertical reciprocatingmotion from a camgroove in the inner side of a disk, B, Fig. 2, throughpitman I', bell-crank lever II, connecting-rod D, and bell-crank leverC, the latter having a stud or roller which enters said cam-groove. Theheight to which the crosshead'and needles are raised is determined byadjusting the point of connection of the rod D to the lever H by meansof a segmental slot, G, in said lever. This does not change the limit ofthe descent of the cross-head and needles, however,because the slot G isso arranged that it is concentric with the pivot connecting the rod Dwith the lever C when the crosshead is at thelowest point in itsmovement, as shown in Fig. 2, so that no adjustment of the rod D in saidslot will vary the extent to which the lever H is moved to depress the/rco cross-head J, while an upward or downward adjustment of the rod :Din said slot will increase or diminish the extent of the upward movementof the cross-head, as the case may be, it being essential that thelimitof their 5 downward movement be xed to enable the fr, (see Figs.'1and 9,) which constitute sup-- porting-pivots for a series of swinginglevers,

which support and oscillate the upper cutters,` l0 l0 10. Each of saidswinging levers is composed of two sections, 7c m, (see Fig. 9,)connected by a pin, p, and held in connection by a spring, q, interposedbetween a pin, g', in the stud r and the section m, said spring enablingthe section m to be separated from the section k for the purpose ofsharpening the cutter which is attached to an arbor, 12, journaled in abearing in the section m. The arbor of each cutter has a pinion, n,meshing with a pinion, g, mounted loosely on the stud r. A pinion, g3,continuously rotated by a driving band or belt, u, passing over a pulleyattached to it, meshes with the tirst and second pinions,g,and anidle-pinion, g4, connects the second pinion with the third pinion, g.The pinions g3 and y* are mounted on studs affixed to the yoke K.

The cutters 10 are simultaneously rotated by the means above described.A connecting-rod, s, is pivoted to the ends of the sections c andsecured to a lever, 1 ,which is pivoted to the frame of the machine,andprovided with a stud entering a eamgroove, U, in a disk, U2, on theshaft A. These devices oscil- 45 late the swinging levers supporting thecutters, and cause the latter to move forward and back while rotating,as hereinafter described. d represents aslide fitted to move in guideson the presser-foot M, and carrying a series of takeoff hooks, m', (onefor each need1e,) which take theloops from the needles j ust as thelatter commence their downward movement. Each hook Vhas a main portioncontaining a slot, m2, Fig. 8, and a pointed end offset from said mainportion,and so arranged that in its forward move ment it will passimmediately under the point of the raised needle,through the upper endof the loop held thereby, as indicated in Figs. 13 13, and, passingonward through the loop, will deflect the latter sidewise away from theneedle onto the slotted body of the hook, as shown in Figs. 1l and 11.lIhe take-off hooks are reciprocated by means of a connectingrod, c,Fig. 2, attached to the slide d, a lever,

55 b, pivoted to the frame of the machine and to the rod c, and acam-groove in the disk B, re-

ceiving a stud or roller on the lever b. These devices give the take-offhooks first a slight forward movement to cause the offset points of thehooks to enter the loops and clear the needles, and then a furthermovement, as the needles descend,suicient to carry the slotted bodies ofthe hooks into the loops. The loops are thus caused to loosely encirclethe hooks, as shown in Figs. 11 and 11, until the operation of drawingup the next loops' draws them tightly over the hooks, as shown in Figs.12 and 12, and enables the swinging and rotating cutters, which moveforward and enter the slots m2,to sever said tightened loops, as shownin Figs. 12UL and 13a.

Under the work-support or horn is a slide,0, carrying a series ofthread-guiding eyes or loopers f, which press the cords or threadsagainst the depressed needles.

' Above the looper-slide O is a slide, N, fitted in a groove in theupper surface of the horn and carrying a series of retaining-hooks, 1",which hold the threads away from the under surface of the work at pointsbetween the loops last formed by theneedles and the preceding loops, andhave slots m, to receive the lower cutters. The slides O and N arerigidly connected, so as to move in unison by a stud, i, (seen in Fig.2, and in dotted lines in Fig. 6,) said stud passing through a slot inthe horn. A thin steel plate or cover, s', removably inserted in thehorn, covers t-he slide N and its retaining-hooks and protects them fromdirt. The slides N O receive a reciprocating motion from a canrgroove inthe disk U2, a lever, w, having astud projecting into said cam-groove,and a rod, p, connecting said lever with the slide O. The lever w isplaced at one side of the frame of the machine and the rod p at theother side, the free end of the lever projecting through a slot in theframe, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2.

10 l0 l0 represent a series of rotary cutters located under the horn andmounted on swinging levers pivoted on fixed studs, said levers beingprovided with pinions g and n, which are driven by acontinuously-rotated IOO pinion, g?, and a loose pinion, g, in the samemanner that the upper cutters, 10, are driven and oscillated by abranch, s', of the rod s. The two series ot' cutters are driven by asingle belt, u, passi ngfrom the grooved periphery of the disk U2 overthe pulley ou the upper pinion, g3, and then back and over anidlepulley, V, on the drivingshaft A, and from thence around the pulleyon the lower pinion, g3, and back to the disk U. The movements of thelower cutters are so timed that they swing into the slots in theretaining-fingers r', as hereinafter described, just before the uppercutters swing into the slots in the takeoff hooks. By making theswinging cutter-supporting levers in detachable sections k m, I amenabled to readily remove the sections m with the cutters to enable thelatter to be sharpened.

To remove any cutter it is only necessary to remove the pinion g and thespring-holdin g pin g from the stud 1*, when the section m, withits'cutter, may be removed. The springs keep the sectional levers of thecutters in position to coincide with the slots in the takeoff hooks andretaining-lingers, so that the cutters will not strike said parts. Thework is fed intermittently by the feed drums or rolls T T, which areshown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 and in full lines in Figs. 2 and 3. Thelower feed-roll is affixed to a shaft, Q, journaled in fixed bearings,and provided with a worm-gear, R, at one end, which meshes with a worm,S, fitted to slide on a spline on the drivingshaft A, the worm beingcompelled to rotate with said shaft, but free to slide lengthwisethereon. A collar, e', affixed to the shaft A limits the movement of theworm in one direction.

a b are hardened steel toes, made fast the one-to the fixed bearing onthe shaft A and the other to the worm S. The rotation of the shaft Acauses the worm S to revolve also, but as it is free to move eudwise, asbefore stated, its engagement with the worm-gear R and the resistance tothe free rotation of the feedrolls, shaft Q, and worm-gear, caused bythe engagement of the work with said feedrolls, causes the worm to screwitself forward until its toe a comes in Contact with the Xed toe b',causing the worm to slide quickly toward the collar e land give theworm-gear R and shaft Q a partial rotation, the worm acting as a rack onthe worm-gear as a pinion.

h The lower feed-roll is thus rotated a distance 'Y' if; it will notrotate accidentally.

The upper or pressure feed-roll is mounted loosely on a rod, the ends ofwhich are flattened and fitted in slots in the ends of uprights L L, andheld in place therein by pins. Said upriglits are adapted to slide inears on a head, `Waffxed to the frame of the machine, and

are pressed downwardlyl by springs 5 5. A

shaft, 9, is journaled in the upper ends of the uprights L L, and hastwo cams, 8 8, affixed to it, one of said cams having a lever, It,whereby the shaft and cams can be turned to raise the uprights L L andthe upper feed-roll. The head NV is attached to the frame of the machineby a screw, t, passing through a vertical slot in the head, as shown inFig. l, said slot and screw enabling the head to be vertically adjusted,so as to adapt the upper feedroll to the thickness of the work.

Operation: As the operation of each needle and the mechanismco-operating with it is like that of all the others, a description ofthe operation of one will be sufficient. When the needle is descendingthrough the work, the thread held by the portion ot' it inserted in thework by the formation of the last loop is held by the looper away fromthe barbed side of the needle, as shown in Figs. 10 and 10, but afterthe completion of the downward movement of the needle the looper movesas the thread into the hook orbarb. The lower'` loop retainer or hookmoves 'with the looper,`f7o,

and interposes itself between the point where the last-inserted portionof the thread emergesy from the work and the hook of the needle, the;thread lying across the cutter-receiving slot;l

in the loop-retainer. The needle now rises, drawing up the loop throughthe work, as, shown in Figs. 12 and 12. Before the needle; reaches theend of its upward movement tlre `v lower rotating cutter advancesthrough thek slot in the loop-retainer and severs the thread 8o lyingacross said slot, as shown in Figs. 12 and 12a. When the needle reaches'the upper end of its movement, the take-off hook m ad' vances, entersthe loop just at one side of thej point of the needle, as shown in Fig.13% At4 85 the same moment the needle begins to descend, I, as indicatedin Fig. 14, thus releasing the loop and permitting the take-off hook topush it forward, as shown in Fig. 15. The work 1s fed forward while thetake-off hook is enter- 9o4 ing the loop, as shown in Fig. 16a.4 Thetaker I i off hook continues to move forward while the, needle isdescending, and by the time the needle has commenced to penetrate thework the slotted portion of the take-otf hook 1s 95 within the loop, asshown in Figs. '17 and s 17, the loop being in a loose condltion.,A "YThe operation of drawing up the neXt loop tightens the loop around thetakeoff hook, as" shown in Fig. 12a, and immediately after the; rootighteningof the loop the upper cutter ad# T vances through the slot m2of the take-offhook, as shown in Figs. l2 and 12, and severs the loop.The lower loop-retainer or hook, 11,1 presentsV its loop to the lowercutter allttlef before the take-off hook m presents its loog tothe uppercutter, so that, although botlt cutters move simultaneously, the lowercut:

ter acts before the loop is entirely drawn up,

by the needle, so that the longer of the two" rro ends formed by theaction of the lower cutter n. (said ends being shown in dotted lines inFig: '-M 12a) is'drawn upwardly by the needle, so that when the loop isentirely drawn up both ends are of the same length, as shown in Fig.13". U5 The operation is thus continued, the threads being severedbetween the loops below the work and in the loops above the work, sothat a series of short lengths or stays of thread are formed, extendingthrough the plies or layers 12o of belting and projecting from bothsurfaces thereof. The projecting ends of the threadstays are spread orliossed and flattened against the surfaces of the belting by the actionof the feed rolls, and are afterward permanently I2 5 united to saidsurfaces by the means described in the above-mentioned Murphy patent. Ido not limit myself, however, to the employment of cutters to sever thethread at both sides of the work, for, if desired, the lower cutters may130. be dispensed with, in which case the thread between theloops orstays drawn through the work will lie close against the under surface ofthe work. v

The meansdescribed for adjusting the limitl of the upward movement ofthe needles enables the points of the needles to conform, when at restat the upper end of their movement, to

the height of the take-off hooks m', said hooks being supported by thepresser-foot and standing at aheight determined by the thickness of thework.

In my pending application,No. 165,920,led concurrently with thisapplication, I have shown a machine capable of forming and severingloops, for the purpose herein described,

.. but by a different organization.

I claim- 1. In a machine for staying the layers of flexible material,the combination of work holding and feeding devices, loop-formingmechanism, substantially as described, a loopretaining linger andmechanism to reciprocate it adapted to hold the thread away from theunder surface of the work, and a movable cutter and mechanism to operateit, whereby the thread held away from the work by said finger issevered, as set forth.

.. surrounding the takeo hook is severed, as

set forth.

3. In a machine for staying layers offiexible material, the combinationof work holding and feeding devices, loop-forming mechanism,sub

i. stantially as described, movable cutters above and below the work, aretainingfinger below the Work, and a take-off hook above the work, andmechanism, substantially as described, for operating said cutters, nger,and hook, as set forth.

4. The combination of the needle, the 100per and lower retaining hook orfinger connected to move in unison, and the cutter and its anism, andlthe upper cutter, whereby the" loop is severed while on the take-o'hook, as set forth.

6. The combination, with a thread-loop-holding hook, substantially asdescribed, of a rotary or disk cutter, a pivoted lever or swingsupporting said cutter, and mechanism, substantially as described, foroscillating the cutter and for continuously rotating it,as set forth.

7. The combination, with the presser-foot having the reciprocatingtake-ofi` hooks,of the needles,their operating mechanism,and means,substantially as described, for adjusting the limit of the upwardmovement of the needles, as set forth.

8. In an organized machine for staying layers of flexible material, thecombination of a series of reciprocating needles and operating mechanismtherefor, a work-support, a series of loopers and retaining-hooks belowthe worksupport, a presser-foot, a series of take-o' hooks supported bythe presser-foot, mechanism, substantially as described, forreciprocating said loopers, retaininghooks, and take-olf hooks, a seriesof pivoted swings or levers below the work-support, rotary cuttersmounted on said levers, gearing, substantially as described,whereby saidcutters are rotated in unison, a corresponding series of swinginglevers, cutters, and gears, supported by a yoke which is movable withthe presser-foot,

and mechanism, substantially as described, for oscillating both seriesof levers and cutters,v as set forth.

In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, this 17th day of April,

GEORGE R. PEARE. Witnesses:

C. F. BROWN, A. L. W HITE.

